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Efficient on-chip green light generation via frequency upconversion in SiN–transfer-printed LN hybrid waveguides
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Date
2025-05-07
Authors
Sumon, Md. Saiful Islam
Vorobev, Artem S.
Ghosh, Samir
Atar, Fatih Bilge
Maraviglia, Nicola
Nikor, Sk. Shafaat Saud
Devarapu, Ganga Chinna Rao
Maddi, Chiranjeevi
Faruque, Imad I.
Dwivedi, Sarvagya
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Publisher
Optica Publishing Group
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Abstract
We demonstrate efficient on-chip green light generation via frequency upconversion in silicon nitride–thin-film lithium niobate (SiN-TFLN) hybrid waveguides, obtained by transfer printing LN coupons on selected areas of photonic integrated circuits (PICs). By utilizing modal phase matching (MPM), our devices achieve a high normalized conversion efficiency of 42.5% W−1cm−2 in a single-pass, 2.4-mm-long waveguide configuration. The SiN–LN transition in the waveguide inherently facilitates mode conversion, transforming a higher-order second-harmonic mode into a fundamental TE mode, ensuring coherent, narrow-linewidth, green light emission. Our waveguide platform gives rise to a wavelength shift of ∼1 nm for every 10 nm of waveguide width variation and temperature-induced wavelength tuning of ∼0.02 nm/°C.
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Keywords
Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) , LN coupons , Transfer printing , On-chip green light generation , Frequency upconversion in silicon nitride–thin-film lithium niobate (SiN-TFLN) hybrid waveguides
Citation
Sumon, M. S. I., Vorobev, A. S., Ghosh, S., Atar, F. B., Maraviglia, N., Nikor, S. S. S., Devarapu, G. C. R., Maddi, C., Faruque, I. I., Dwivedi, S. and Bowman, R., O’Faolain, L., Corbett, B. and Arafin, S. (2025) 'Efficient on-chip green light generation via frequency upconversion in SiN–transfer-printed LN hybrid waveguides', Optics Letters, 50(10), pp.3281-3284. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.560034
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© 2025, Optica Publishing Group. All rights reserved.