The microbiome-gut-brain axis in health and disease

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dc.contributor.authorDinan, Timothy G.
dc.contributor.authorCryan, John F.
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderHealth Research Boarden
dc.contributor.funderSeventh Framework Programmeen
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-31T11:18:10Z
dc.date.available2017-01-31T11:18:10Z
dc.date.issued2017-01-04
dc.date.updated2017-01-31T10:01:52Z
dc.description.abstractGut microbes are capable of producing most neurotransmitters found in the human brain. While these neurotransmitters primarily act locally in the gut, modulating the enteric nervous system, evidence is now accumulating to support the view that gut microbes through multiple mechanisms can influence central neurochemistry and behavior. This has been described as a fundamental paradigm shift in neuroscience. Bifidobacteria for example can produce and increase plasma levels of the serotonin precursor tryptophan, which is fundamental in regulating mood, appetite and gastrointestinal function. Certain Lactobacilli have been shown to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and to alter brain GABA receptor expression and behavior. IBS is regarded as the prototypic disorder of the brain-gut-microbiota axis which can be responsive to probiotic therapy. Recently, the concept of a psychobiotic has been introduced in the literature. A psychobiotic is a bacteria which when ingested in adequate amounts can have a positive mental health benefit. Translational studies indicate that certain bacteria may impact upon stress responses and cognitive functioning. Manipulating the gut microbiota with psychobiotics, prebiotics or even antibiotics offers a novel approach to altering brain function and treating gut-brain axis disorders such as depression and autism.en
dc.description.sponsorshipScience Foundation Ireland (Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Grant Number SFI/12/RC/2273); Health Research Board (Grant Numbers HRA_POR/2011/23 and HRA_POR/2012/32); European Commission (Seventh Framework Programme: MyNewGut Grant Agreement No. FP7/2007-2013)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationDinan, T. G. and Cryan, J. F. (2017) 'The microbiome-gut-brain axis in health and disease', Gastroenterology Clinics of North America, 46(1), pp. 77-89. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.007en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.007
dc.identifier.endpage89
dc.identifier.issn0889-8553
dc.identifier.issued1
dc.identifier.journaltitleGastroenterology Clinics of North Americaen
dc.identifier.startpage77
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/3544
dc.identifier.volume46
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevier Incen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7::SP1::KBBE/613979/EU/Microbiome Influence on Energy balance and Brain Development-Function Put into Action to Tackle Diet-related Diseases and Behavior./MYNEWGUTen
dc.rights© 2016, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectMicrobiotaen
dc.subjectPsychobioticsen
dc.subjectShort-chain fatty acidsen
dc.subjectVagus nerveen
dc.subjectGABAen
dc.subjectSerotoninen
dc.titleThe microbiome-gut-brain axis in health and diseaseen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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