Toll-like receptor agonists as adjuvants for inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine
dc.contributor.author | Vreman, Sandra | |
dc.contributor.author | McCaffrey, Joanne | |
dc.contributor.author | Popma-de Graaf, Ditta J. | |
dc.contributor.author | Nauwynck, Hans | |
dc.contributor.author | Savelkoul, Huub F. J. | |
dc.contributor.author | Moore, Anne C. | |
dc.contributor.author | Rebel, Johanna M. J. | |
dc.contributor.author | Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Norbert | |
dc.contributor.funder | Horizon 2020 | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-09-17T14:47:10Z | |
dc.date.available | 2019-09-17T14:47:10Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2019-04-30 | |
dc.description.abstract | Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists can effectively stimulate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and are anticipated to be promising adjuvants in combination with inactivated vaccines. In this study, the adjuvant potential of three different TLR-agonists were compared with an oil-in-water (O/W) adjuvant in combination with inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (iPRRSV) applied by different administration routes: intramuscular (i.m.) or into the skin using dissolving microneedle (DMN) patches. Pigs received a prime vaccination followed by a booster vaccination four weeks later. TLR1/2 (Pam3Cys), TLR7/8 (R848) or TLR9 (CpG ODN) agonists were used as adjuvant in combination with iPRRSV strain 07V063. O/W adjuvant (Montanide™) was used as reference control adjuvant and one group received a placebo vaccination containing diluent only. All animals received a homologous challenge with PRRSV three weeks after the booster vaccination. Antibody and IFN-γ production, serum cytokines and viremia were measured at several time-points after vaccination and/or challenge, and lung pathology at necropsy. Our results indicate that a TLR 1/2, 7/8 or 9 agonist as adjuvant with iPRRSV does not induce a detectable PRRSV-specific immune response, independent of the administration route. However, the i.m. TLR9 agonist group showed reduction of viremia upon challenge compared to the non-vaccinated animals, supported by a non-antigen-specific IFN-γ level after booster vaccination and an anamnestic antibody response after challenge. Montanide™-adjuvanted iPRRSV induced antigen-specific immunity after booster combined with reduction of vireamia. Skin application of TLR7/8 agonist, but not the other agonists, induced a local skin reaction. Further research is needed to explore the potential of TLR agonists as adjuvants for inactivated porcine vaccines with a preference for TLR9 agonists. | en |
dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | en |
dc.description.version | Published Version | en |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
dc.identifier.citation | Vreman, S., McCaffrey, J., Popma-de Graaf, D. J., Nauwynck, H., Savelkoul, H. F. J., Moore, A. C., Rebel, J. M. J. and Stockhofe-Zurwieden, N. (2019) 'Toll-like receptor agonists as adjuvants for inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine', Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 212, pp. 27-37. (10pp.) DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.04.008 | en |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.04.008 | en |
dc.identifier.eissn | 1873-2534 | |
dc.identifier.endpage | 37 | en |
dc.identifier.issn | 0165-2427 | |
dc.identifier.journaltitle | Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology | en |
dc.identifier.startpage | 27 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10468/8549 | |
dc.identifier.volume | 212 | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.publisher | Elsevier | en |
dc.relation.project | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020::RIA/633184/EU/Strengthening Animal Production and Health through the Immune Response/SAPHIR | en |
dc.relation.uri | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242719300406?via%3Dihub | |
dc.rights | ©2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND licence (http://creativecommons.org/licences/BY-NY-ND/4.0/). | en |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licences/BY-NY-ND/4.0/ | en |
dc.subject | PRRSV | en |
dc.subject | Vaccine | en |
dc.subject | Adjuvant | en |
dc.subject | Toll-like receptor agonist | en |
dc.subject | Skin vaccination | en |
dc.title | Toll-like receptor agonists as adjuvants for inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine | en |
dc.type | Article (peer-reviewed) | en |