Making sense of … the microbiome in psychiatry

dc.contributor.authorBastiaanssen, Thomaz F. S.
dc.contributor.authorCowan, Caitlin S. M.
dc.contributor.authorClaesson, Marcus J.
dc.contributor.authorDinan, Timothy G.
dc.contributor.authorCryan, John F.
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2019-02-06T10:19:13Z
dc.date.available2019-02-06T10:19:13Z
dc.date.issued2018-08-07
dc.date.updated2019-02-05T15:19:39Z
dc.description.abstractMicroorganisms can be found almost anywhere, including in and on the human body. The collection of microorganisms associated with a certain location is called a microbiota, with its collective genetic material referred to as the microbiome. The largest population of microorganisms on the human body resides in the gastrointestinal tract; thus, it is not surprising that the most investigated human microbiome is the human gut microbiome. On average, the gut hosts microbes from more than 60 genera and contains more cells than the human body. The human gut microbiome has been shown to influence many aspects of host health, including more recently the brain. Several modes of interaction between the gut and the brain have been discovered, including via the synthesis of metabolites and neurotransmitters, activation of the vagus nerve, and activation of the immune system. A growing body of work is implicating the microbiome in a variety of psychological processes and neuropsychiatric disorders. These include mood and anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia, and even neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Moreover, it is probable that most psychotropic medications have an impact on the microbiome. Here, an overview will be provided for the bidirectional role of the microbiome in brain health, age-associated cognitive decline, and neurological and psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, a primer on the common microbiological and bioinformatics techniques used to interrogate the microbiome will be provided. This review is meant to equip the reader with a primer to this exciting research area that is permeating all areas of biological psychiatry research.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationBastiaanssen, T. F. S., Cowan, C. S. M., Claesson, M. J., Dinan, T. G. and Cryan, J. F. (2018) 'Making Sense of … the Microbiome in Psychiatry', International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 22(1), pp. 37-52. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy067en
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/ijnp/pyy067
dc.identifier.endpage52en
dc.identifier.issn1469-5111
dc.identifier.issued1en
dc.identifier.journaltitleInternational Journal of Neuropsychopharmacologyen
dc.identifier.startpage37en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/7447
dc.identifier.volume22en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SFI/SFI Research Centres/12/RC/2273/IE/Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre (APC) - Interfacing Food & Medicine/en
dc.relation.urihttps://academic.oup.com/ijnp/article/22/1/37/5067516
dc.rights© The Authors 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CINP. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.comen
dc.rights.urihttp:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/en
dc.subjectMicrobiomeen
dc.subjectMicrobiology techniquesen
dc.subjectGut-brain-axisen
dc.titleMaking sense of … the microbiome in psychiatryen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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