Legislation for smoke-free workplaces and health of bar workers in Ireland: before and after study

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dc.contributor.authorAllwright, Shane
dc.contributor.authorPaul, Gillian
dc.contributor.authorGreiner, Birgit A.
dc.contributor.authorMullally, Bernie J.
dc.contributor.authorPursell, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Alan
dc.contributor.authorBonner, Brendan
dc.contributor.authorD'Eath, Maureen
dc.contributor.authorMcConnell, Bill
dc.contributor.authorMcLaughlin, James P.
dc.contributor.authorO'Donovan, Diarmuid
dc.contributor.authorO'Kane, Eamon
dc.contributor.authorPerry, Ivan J.
dc.contributor.funderOffice of Tobacco Control, Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderNational Cancer Institute, United States
dc.contributor.funderIrish Cancer Society
dc.contributor.funderIrish Heart Foundation
dc.contributor.funderHealth Service Executive, Ireland
dc.contributor.funderWestern Investing for Health Partnership, Northern Ireland
dc.contributor.funderMandate Trade Union, Ireland
dc.date.accessioned2009-11-02T13:47:08Z
dc.date.available2009-11-02T13:47:08Z
dc.date.issued2005-11-12
dc.description.abstractObjectives: To compare exposure to secondhand smoke and respiratory health in bar staff in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland before and after the introduction of legislation for smoke-free workplaces in the Republic. Design: Comparisons before and after the legislation in intervention and control regions. Setting Public houses in three areas in the Republic (intervention) and one area in Northern Ireland (control). Participants: 329 bar staff enrolled in baseline survey; 249 (76%) followed up one year later. Of these, 158 were non-smokers both at baseline and follow-up. Main outcome measures: Salivary cotinine concentration, self reported exposure to secondhand smoke, and respiratory and sensory irritation symptoms. Results: In bar staff in the Republic who did not themselves smoke, salivary cotinine concentrations dropped by 80% after the smoke-free law (from median 29.0 nmol/l (95% confidence interval 18.2 to 43.2 nmol/l)) to 5.1 nmol/l (2.8 to 13.1 nmol/l) in contrast with a 20% decline in Northern Ireland over the same period (from median 25.3 nmol/l (10.4 to 59.2 nmol/l) to 20.4 nmol/l (13.2 to 33.8 nmol/l)). Changes in self reported exposure to secondhand smoke were consistent with the changes in cotinine concentrations. Reporting any respiratory symptom declined significantly in the Republic (down 16.7%, -26.1% to -7.3%) but not in Northern Ireland (0% difference, -32.7% to 32.7%). After adjustment for confounding, respiratory symptoms declined significantly more in the Republic than in Northern Ireland and the decline in cotinine concentration was twice as great. Conclusion: The smoke-free law in the Republic of Ireland protects non-smoking bar workers from exposure to secondhand smoke.en
dc.description.sponsorshipOffice of Tobacco Control, Republic of Ireland (Research Institute for a Tobacco Free Society); National Cancer Institute, United States (R01 CA90955); Irish Cancer Society; Irish Heart Foundation; Health Service Executive, Western Area, and Western Investing for Health Partnership, Northern Ireland. Mandate Trade Union, Ireland, provided two prizes for a drawen
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mediumapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationAllwright S., Paul G., Greiner B., Mullally BJ., et al, 2005. Legislation for smoke-free workplaces and health of bar workers in Ireland: before and after study. BMJ, 331(7525), pp. 1117-1123.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1136/bmj.38636.499225.55
dc.identifier.endpage1123en
dc.identifier.issn0959-535X
dc.identifier.issued7525en
dc.identifier.journaltitleBMJen
dc.identifier.startpage1117en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/95
dc.identifier.volume331en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherBritish Medical Association, BMJ Publishing Group Ltden
dc.rights© 2005 Allwright et al; licensee BMJ Publishing Group Ltden
dc.rights.urihttp://resources.bmj.com/bmj/authors/checklists-forms/licence-for-publicationen
dc.subjectSecondhand smoke effectsen
dc.subjectSmoke-free workplace legislationen
dc.subjectPassive smokingen
dc.subject.lcshSmoking cessation -- Health aspectsen
dc.subject.lcshSmoking in the workplace -- Government policy -- Irelanden
dc.subject.lcshSmoking -- Law and legislation -- Irelanden
dc.titleLegislation for smoke-free workplaces and health of bar workers in Ireland: before and after studyen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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