dc.contributor.author	Jones-Todd, Charlotte M.
dc.contributor.author	Pirotta, Enrico
dc.contributor.author	Durban, John W.
dc.contributor.author	Claridge, Diane E.
dc.contributor.author	Baird, Robin W.
dc.contributor.author	Falcone, Erin A.
dc.contributor.author	Schorr, Gregory S.
dc.contributor.author	Watwood, Stephanie
dc.contributor.author	Thomas, Len
dc.contributor.funder	Office of Naval Research	en
dc.contributor.funder	U.S. Navy	en
dc.contributor.funder	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration	en
dc.contributor.funder	National Marine Fisheries Service	en
dc.date.accessioned	2021-10-19T12:36:38Z
dc.date.available	2021-10-19T12:36:38Z
dc.date.issued	2021-10-15
dc.description.abstract	Assessing the patterns of wildlife attendance to specific areas is relevant across many fundamental and applied ecological studies, particularly when animals are at risk of being exposed to stressors within or outside the boundaries of those areas. Marine mammals are increasingly being exposed to human activities that may cause behavioral and physiological changes, including military exercises using active sonars. Assessment of the population-level consequences of anthropogenic disturbance requires robust and efficient tools to quantify the levels of aggregate exposure for individuals in a population over biologically relevant time frames. We propose a discrete-space, continuous-time approach to estimate individual transition rates across the boundaries of an area of interest, informed by telemetry data collected with uncertainty. The approach allows inferring the effect of stressors on transition rates, the progressive return to baseline movement patterns, and any difference among individuals. We apply the modeling framework to telemetry data from Blainville’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris) tagged in the Bahamas at the Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC), an area used by the U.S. Navy for fleet readiness training. We show that transition rates changed as a result of exposure to sonar exercises in the area, reflecting an avoidance response. Our approach supports the assessment of the aggregate exposure of individuals to sonar and the resulting population-level consequences. The approach has potential applications across many applied and fundamental problems where telemetry data are used to characterize animal occurrence within specific areas.	en
dc.description.sponsorship	U.S. Navy (Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-16-1-2858; Living Marine Resources program; N45 program; Chief of Naval Operations’ Energy and Environmental Readiness Division; Pacific Fleet); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Fisheries Ocean Acoustics Program); National Marine Fisheries Service (Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center)	en
dc.description.status	Peer reviewed	en
dc.description.version	Accepted Version	en
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	en
dc.identifier.citation	Jones-Todd, C. M., Pirotta, E., Durban, J. W., Claridge, D. E., Baird, R. W., Falcone, E. A., Schorr, G. S., Watwood, S. and Thomas, L. (2021), 'Discrete-space continuous-time models of marine mammal exposure to Navy sonar', Ecological Applications. doi: 10.1002/eap.2475	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1002/eap.2475	en
dc.identifier.issn	1051-0761
dc.identifier.journaltitle	Ecological Applications	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10468/12112
dc.language.iso	en	en
dc.publisher	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.	en
dc.rights	© 2021, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This is the peer reviewed version of the following item: Jones-Todd, C. M., Pirotta, E., Durban, J. W., Claridge, D. E., Baird, R. W., Falcone, E. A., Schorr, G. S., Watwood, S. and Thomas, L. (2021), 'Discrete-space continuous-time models of marine mammal exposure to Navy sonar', Ecological Applications, doi: 10.1002/eap.2475, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2475. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions	en
dc.subject	Aggregate exposure	en
dc.subject	Area attendance	en
dc.subject	Beaked whales	en
dc.subject	Individual-level random eﬀects	en
dc.subject	Sonar disturbance	en
dc.subject	Template Model Builder	en
dc.subject	Transition probability	en
dc.title	Discrete-space continuous-time models of marine mammal exposure to Navy sonar	en
dc.type	Article (peer-reviewed)	en

Discrete-space continuous-time models of marine mammal exposure to Navy sonar

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