Bifidobacterial biofilm formation is a multifactorial adaptive phenomenon in response to bile exposure

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Date
2020
Authors
Kelly, Sandra M.
Lanigan, Noreen
O’Neill, Ian J.
Bottacini, Francesca
Lugli, Gabriele A.
Viappiani, Alice
Turroni, Francesca
Ventura, Marco
van Sinderen, Douwe
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Publisher
Springer Nature
Published Version
10.1038/s41598-020-68179-9
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Abstract
In the current study, we show that biofilm formation by various strains and species belonging to Bifidobacterium, a genus that includes gut commensals with reported health-promoting activities, is induced by high concentrations of bile (0.5% (w/v) or higher) and individual bile salts (20 mM or higher), rather than by acid or osmotic stress. The transcriptomic response of a bifidobacterial prototype Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 to such high bile concentrations was investigated and a random transposon bank of B. breve UCC2003 was screened for mutants that affect biofilm formation in order to identify genes involved in this adaptive process. Eleven mutants affected in their ability to form a biofilm were identified, while biofilm formation capacity of an insertional mutation in luxS and an exopolysaccharide (EPS) negative B. breve UCC2003 was also studied. Reduced capacity to form biofilm also caused reduced viability when exposed to porcine bile. We propose that bifidobacterial biofilm formation is an adaptive response to high concentrations of bile in order to avoid bactericidal effects of high bile concentrations in the gastrointestinal environment. Biofilm formation appears to be a multi-factorial process involving EPS production, proteins and extracellular DNA release, representing a crucial strategy in response to bile stress in order to enhance fitness in the gut environment.
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Keywords
Bacterial physiology , Bacteriology , Biofilms , Microbial ecology , Microbiology , Microbiome
Citation
Kelly, S.M., Lanigan, N., O’Neill, I.J., Bottacini, F., Lugli, G.A., Viappiani, A., Turroni, F., Ventura, M. and Van Sinderen, D. (2020) ‘Bifidobacterial biofilm formation is a multifactorial adaptive phenomenon in response to bile exposure’, Scientific Reports, 10(1), 11598 (14pp). doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68179-9
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https://hdl.handle.net/10468/15273
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APC Microbiome Ireland - Journal Articles
Microbiology - Journal Articles
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© The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.