The interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic factors in determining migration decisions in brown trout (Salmo trutta): An experimental study

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dc.contributor.authorArcher, Louise C.
dc.contributor.authorHutton, Stephen A.
dc.contributor.authorHarman, Luke
dc.contributor.authorO'Grady, Michael N.
dc.contributor.authorKerry, Joseph P.
dc.contributor.authorPoole, W. Russell
dc.contributor.authorGargan, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorMcGinnity, Philip
dc.contributor.authorReed, Thomas E.
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderMarine Instituteen
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Research Councilen
dc.date.accessioned2019-11-20T05:41:53Z
dc.date.available2019-11-20T05:41:53Z
dc.date.issued2019-06-14
dc.description.abstractMany species are capable of facultative migration, but the relative roles of extrinsic versus intrinsic factors in generating diverse migratory tactics remain unclear. Here we explore the proximate drivers of facultative migration in brown trout in an experimental laboratory setting. The effects of reduced food, as a putative environmental cue, were examined in two populations: one that exhibits high rates of anadromy (sea-migration) in nature, and one that does not exhibit anadromy in nature. Juveniles derived from wild-caught parents were reared for two years under four environmental treatments: low food in years 1 and 2 (Low-Low); high food in years 1 and 2 (High-High), low food in year 1 and high in year 2 (Low-High), and vice versa (High-Low). Food restriction had a significant effect on migratory tactics, with the frequency of smolts (juveniles choosing migration) highest in the Low-Low treatment in both populations. No individuals became smolts in the High-High treatment, and intermediate smolting rates were observed in the Low-High and High-Low treatments. Higher overall smolting rates in the naturally anadromous population suggested an inherited component to anadromy/migration decisions, but both populations showed variability in migratory tactics. Importantly, some fish from the naturally non-anadromous population became smolts in the experiment, implying the capacity for migration was lying ‘dormant’, but they exhibited lower hypo-osmoregulatory function than smolts from the naturally anadromous population. Tactic frequencies in the naturally anadromous population were more affected by food in the 2nd year, while food in the 1st year appeared more important for the naturally non-anadromous population. Migratory tactics were also related to sex, but underpinned in both sexes by growth in key periods, size and energetic state. Collectively these results reveal how migration decisions are shaped by a complex interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic factors, informing our ability to predict how facultatively migratory populations will respond to environmental change.en
dc.description.sponsorshipScience Foundation Ireland (15/IA/3028 and 16/BBSRC/3316); Marine Institute (ESPI/FS/16/01)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleid222en
dc.identifier.citationArcher, L.C., Hutton, S., Harman, L., O'Grady, M.N., Kerry, J.P., Poole, R., Gargan, P., McGinnity, P. and Reed, T.E. (2019) 'The interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic factors in determining migration decisions in brown trout (Salmo trutta): an experimental study'. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 7, 222. (18pp). doi:10.3389/fevo.2019.00222en
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fevo.2019.00222en
dc.identifier.eissn2296-701X
dc.identifier.endpage18en
dc.identifier.journaltitleFrontiers in Ecology and Evolutionen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/9132
dc.identifier.volume7en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020::ERC::ERC-STG/639192/EU/Alternative life histories: linking genes to phenotypes to demography/ALHen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SFI/SFI Investigator Programme/15/IA/3028/IE/Wild farmed interactions in a changing world: formulation of a predictive methodology to inform environmental best practice to secure long-term sustainability of global wild and farm fish populations/en
dc.relation.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00222
dc.rights© 2019 Archer, Hutton, Harman, O'Grady, Kerry, Poole, Gargan, McGinnity and Reed. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectPartial migrationen
dc.subjectClimate Changeen
dc.subjectAnadromyen
dc.subjectAquaticen
dc.subjectBrown trouten
dc.subjectSalmo truttaen
dc.subjectGenotype by environmenten
dc.subjectProximate driversen
dc.titleThe interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic factors in determining migration decisions in brown trout (Salmo trutta): An experimental studyen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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