Neurological and psychiatric adverse effects of long-term methylphenidate treatment in ADHD: A map of the current evidence

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dc.contributor.authorKrinzinger, Helga
dc.contributor.authorHall, Charlotte L.
dc.contributor.authorGroom, Madeleine J.
dc.contributor.authorAnsari, Mohammed T.
dc.contributor.authorBanaschewski, Tobias
dc.contributor.authorBuitelaar, Jan K.
dc.contributor.authorCarucci, Sara
dc.contributor.authorCoghill, David
dc.contributor.authorDanckaerts, Marina
dc.contributor.authorDittmann, Ralf W.
dc.contributor.authorFalissard, Bruno
dc.contributor.authorGaras, Peter
dc.contributor.authorInglis K., Sarah K.
dc.contributor.authorKovshoff, Hanna
dc.contributor.authorKochhar, Puja
dc.contributor.authorMcCarthy, Suzanne
dc.contributor.authorNagy, Peter
dc.contributor.authorNeubert, Antje
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, Samantha
dc.contributor.authorSayal, Kapil
dc.contributor.authorSonuga-Barke, Edmund
dc.contributor.authorWong, Ian C. K.
dc.contributor.authorXia, Jun
dc.contributor.authorZuddas, Alessandro
dc.contributor.authorHollis, Chris
dc.contributor.authorKonrad, Kerstin
dc.contributor.authorLiddle, Elizabeth B.
dc.contributor.funderSeventh Framework Programmeen
dc.contributor.funderNIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centreen
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-09T10:14:55Z
dc.date.available2019-12-09T10:14:55Z
dc.date.issued2019-09-20
dc.description.abstractMethylphenidate (MPH), the most common medication for children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in many countries, is often prescribed for long periods of time. Any long-term psychotropic treatment in childhood raises concerns about possible adverse neurological and psychiatric outcomes. We aimed to map current evidence regarding neurological and psychiatric outcomes, adverse or beneficial, of long-term MPH (> 1 year) treatment in ADHD. We coded studies using a “traffic light” system: Green: safe/favours MPH; Amber: warrants caution; Red: not safe/not well-tolerated. Un-categorisable study findings were coded as “Unclear”. Although some evidence suggests an elevated risk of psychosis and tics, case reports describe remission on discontinuation. Several studies suggest that long-term MPH may reduce depression and suicide in ADHD. Evidence suggests caution in specific groups including pre-school children, those with tics, and adolescents at risk for substance misuse. We identified a need for more studies that make use of large longitudinal databases, focus on specific neuropsychiatric outcomes, and compare outcomes from long-term MPH treatment with outcomes following shorter or no pharmacological intervention.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationKrinzinger, H., Hall, C. L., Groom, M. J., Ansari, M. T., Banaschewski, T., Buitelaar, J. K., Carucci, S., Coghill, D., Danckaerts, M., Dittmann, R. W., Falissard, B., Garas, P., Inglis, S. K., Kovshoff, H., Kochhar, P., McCarthy, S., Nagy, P., Neubert, A., Roberts, S., Sayal, K., Sonuga-Barke, E., Wong, I. C. K., Xia, J., Zuddas, A., Hollis, C., Konrad, K. and Liddle, E. B. (2019) 'Neurological and psychiatric adverse effects of long-term methylphenidate treatment in ADHD: A map of the current evidence', Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 107, pp. 945-968. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.023en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.023en
dc.identifier.eissn1873-7528
dc.identifier.endpage968en
dc.identifier.issn0149-7634
dc.identifier.journaltitleNeuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviewsen
dc.identifier.startpage945en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/9354
dc.identifier.volume107en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevier Ltden
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7::SP1::HEALTH/260576/EU/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Drugs Use Chronic Effects/ADDUCEen
dc.rights©2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/).Ten
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/en
dc.subjectLong-term methylphenidate treatmenten
dc.subjectADHDen
dc.subjectAdverse neuropsychiatric eventsen
dc.subjectMooden
dc.subjectAnxietyen
dc.subjectSuicidal ideationen
dc.subjectBipolaren
dc.subjectPsychosisen
dc.subjectSubstance use disorderen
dc.subjectTicsen
dc.subjectSeizuresen
dc.subjectSleep disordersen
dc.titleNeurological and psychiatric adverse effects of long-term methylphenidate treatment in ADHD: A map of the current evidenceen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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